Grapefruit, White Essential Oil
Citrus paradisi
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Description
Aroma:Â citrus, fresh, tart, lightly bitter
Extraction Method:Â Cold Pressed
Part Used: Peel
Chemical Family: Monoterpene
Country of Origin:Â USA
Description
The most tart of the different Grapefruits, White Grapefruit is energetic and refreshing, tart and lightly bitter. It blends well with other citrus oils and can lift and energize some that are quite sweet like Blood Orange, creating a nice blend of sweet and tart. The same is true with heavier florals like Ylang Ylang, Roman Chamomile, or Geranium, though it also blends well with Rosemary, Lavender, Peppermint, and others. It has cleansing properties that make it great for skin, hair, and home cleansers and can be added to deodorizing spritz or soaps to add its pleasant uplifting aroma and antibacterial/antimicrobial properties.Â
Grapefruit essential oils are considered potentially phototoxic. If applied to the skin at over maximum use level (4%) skin must not be exposed to sunlight or sunbed rays for at least 12 hours. Please see the safety tab and appropriately dilute all essential oils for maximum safety and enjoyment.
Please Note: White Grapefruit roll-on is intended for use beneath clothing and away from sunlight and is not diluted sufficiently for sun exposure.
Health Benefits
- Acne
- Anti-Inflammatory
- Appetite-suppressant
- Cleansing for home and body
- Stress relief
Properties
Antibacterial
Anti-inflammatory
Antimicrobial
Antioxidant
Anxiolytic
Insecticide
Pesticide
Available Sizes & Bottle Styles
- Aromatherapy Style Bottles come in 2 ml and 10ml sizes and are 100% pure & potent therapeutic grade essential oil. Grapefruit is considered a phototoxic oil. Please see the safety tab.
- Our Ready-to-Go Roll-on Style Bottle comes in a 10ml size and is made of 100% pure & potent therapeutic grade essential oil expertly mixed with a high-quality carrier oil to make these roll-ons ready to use on-the-go with the ideal balance of aroma, potency & safety. White Grapefruit roll-on is intended for use beneath clothing and away from sunlight. Please see the Safety tab for more information about using this oil topically.
Suggested Uses
TOPICALLY:
Apply 1-2 diluted drops on area of concern, pulse points, abdomen, or back
Dilute and add several drops to skin or skin care products
Potentially phototoxic. See safety tab for information regarding dilution rate and directions for U.V. exposure.
AROMATIC:
Add 8-10 drops to a diffuser
Add a drop to palms of hands, cover nose and mouth and inhale
Add to water in spray bottle to spritz in room or on linens
Inhale scent directly from bottle, or put a drop on tissue and inhale
INTERNALLY: (see internal use safety recommendations)
Dilute with carrier oil & add to cold or hot beverage to benefit body systems
Add 1-10 diluted drops to capsule
CULINARY:
Add to marinades, desserts, & drinks to enhance the flavor of foods
Safety
Hazards: Phototoxic (low risk); Skin sensitization if oxidized.
Contraindications (dermal): If applied to skin at over maximum use level skin must not be exposed to sunlight or sunbed rays for 12 hours.
Cautions: Old or oxidized oils should be avoided.
Maximum dermal use level: 4%
Our Recommendations:  If pregnant, nursing, taking medication, or have liver or kidney disfunction, consult your health care practitioner before use. Avoid eyes, mucous membranes, and sensitive skin. Keep out of reach of children.
If applying an essential oil to your skin always perform a small patch test to an insensitive part of the body (If it is not already diluted, dilute with a carrier oil).
Citrus oils are especially prone to oxidation. Store in a covered or dark, airtight container in the refrigerator or cool area for longest shelf life.
GC/MS
Research
Analgesic
The main component, d-limonene, has antinociceptive action (inhibits the sensation of pain). Hirota et al. (2010) suggested that isolated d-limonene (from Yuzu peel) had anti-inflammatory action. noted that d-limonene has a ‘potent’ antioxidant effect.
- Hirota, R., Roger, N.N., Nakamura, H., Song, H.-S., Sawamura, M., and Suganuma, N. (2010) Anti-inflammatory effects of limonene from yuzu (Citrus junos Tanaka) essential oil on eosinophils. Journal of Food Science 75, 87-92.
Antibacterial
Lang and Buchbauer (2012) suggested that limonene is significant in essential oils with antibacterial actions.
- Lang, G. and Buchbauer, G. (2012) A review on recent research results (2008-2010) on essential oils as antimicrobials and antifungals. A review. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 27, 13-39.
In vitro research concluded that grapefruit oil inhibits S. aureus, E. faecalis, S, epidermis, E. coli, S. typhimurium, S. marcescens, and P. vulgaris.
- Uysal B, Sozmen F, Aktas O, et al. (2011) Essential oil composition and antibacterial activity of the grapefruit (Citrus Paradisi. L) peel essential oils obtained by solvent-free microwave extraction: comparison with hydrodistillation. Int J Food Sci Tech. 46:1455-61.
Antidepressant
Grapefruit is well regarded for its uplifting effects on the mind and emotions. Some components, such as d-limonene, have stress-reducing actions
- Fukumoto, S., Morishita, A., Furutachi, K., Terashima, T., Nakayama, T. and Yokogoshi, H. (2007) Effect of flavour components in lemon essential oil on physical or psychological stress. Stress and Health 24, 1, 3-12.
Antifungal
The increasing worldwide incidence of fungal infections has created the need to search for new antifungal agents, and in this context C. sinensis offers a variety of compounds with antifungal activity.
- Favela-Hernández, J., González-Santiago, O., RamÃrez-Cabrera, M. A., Esquivel-Ferriño, P. C., & Camacho-Corona, M. (2016). Chemistry and Pharmacology of Citrus sinensis. (L. Forti Ed.). Molecules, 21(2), 247. doi:10.3390/molecules21020247
Anti-Inflammatory
d-Limonene has anti-inflammatory actions via inhibition of 5-LOX.
- Baylac, S. and Racine, P. (2003) Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase by essential oils and other natural fragrant extracts. International Journal of Aromatherapy 13, 2/3, 138-142.
Mentioned anti-inflammatory effect
- Mallick, N., & Khan, R. A. (2016). Antihyperlipidemic effects of Citrus sinensis, Citrus paradisi, and their combinations. Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences, 8(2), 112-8.
Antimicrobial
Franchomme and Pénoël (1990) suggest that the oil is a good airborne antimicrobial
- Franchomme, P. and Pénoël, D. (1990) L’aromathérapie Exactement. Limoges: Jallois.
Antioxidant
Noted that d-limonene has a ‘potent’ antioxidant effect.
- Singh, P., Shukla, R., Prakash, B., Kumar, A., Singh, S., Mishra, P.K. and Dubey, N.K. (2010) Chemical profile, antifungal, antiaflatoxigenic and antioxidant activity of Citrus maxima Burm. and Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck essential oils and their cyclic monoterpene DL-limonene. Journal of Chemical Toxicology 48, 1734-1740.
Mentioned Antioxidant effect
- Mallick, N., & Khan, R. A. (2016). Antihyperlipidemic effects of Citrus sinensis, Citrus paradisi, and their combinations. Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences, 8(2), 112-8.
Antiparasitic
Essential oil of C. sinensis peel showed that a dose of 0.4 g/mL caused death of Trypanosoma evansi in 3 min, and induced death of Trypanosoma brucei brucei in 5 min.
- Favela-Hernández, J., González-Santiago, O., RamÃrez-Cabrera, M. A., Esquivel-Ferriño, P. C., & Camacho-Corona, M. (2016). Chemistry and Pharmacology of Citrus sinensis. (L. Forti Ed.). Molecules, 21(2), 247. doi:10.3390/molecules21020247
Anxiolytic
Research shows that inhalation of d-limonene has anxiolytic actions (anxiety reducing).
- Lima, N.G., de Souza, D.P., Pimenta, F.C., Alves, M.F., de Souza, F.S., (2012c) Anxiolytic-like activity and GC-MS analysis of (R)-(+)-limonene fragrance, a natural compound found in foods and plants. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior 103, 450-454.
Has been found safe and effective for anxiety disorder
- Setzer WN. (2009) Essential oils and anxiolytic aromatherapy. Nat Prod Commun. Sep; 4(9):1305-16.
Blood Pressure (increase)
Inhaling the aroma of grapefruit oil for ten minutes increased blood pressure in rats.
- Tannida M, Niijima A, Shen J, et al. (2005) Olfactory stimulation with scent of essential oil of grapefruit affects autonomic neurotransmission and blood pressure. Brain Res. Oct;1058(1-2):44-55.
Cancer Research
Grapefruit oil causes the destruction of cancer cells (apoptosis) in vitro.
- Hata T, Sakaguchi I, Mori M, et al. (2003) Induction of apoptosis by Citrus paradisi essential oil in human leukemic (HL-60) cells. In vitro. Nov-Dec;17(6):553-59.
Hepatoprotective
Noted that d-limonene had hepatoprotective action.
- Bodake, H., Panicker, K., Kailaje, V. and Rao, V. (2002) Chemopreventative effect of orange oil on the development of hepatic preneoplastic lesions induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine in rats: an ultrastructural study. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 40, 245-251
Noted that d-limonene had hepatoprotective action.
- Ozbek, H., Ugras, S., Dulger, H., Bayram, I., Tuncer, I., Oztürk, G. and Oztürk, A. (2003) Hepatoprotective effect of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil. Fitoterapia 74, 3, 317-319.
d-Limonene and Grapefruit essential oil can increase the synthesis rate of glutathione Stransferase in the liver. This is an important enzyme in detoxification pathways.
- Tisserand, R. and Young, R. (2014) Essential Oil Safety 2nd Edition. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
Cardioprotective (and Cholesterol Lowering)
Cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were decreased at all the three doses of C. sinensis and C. paradisi but rise in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was only significant at 8 ml/kg, and 0.3 ml/kg, respectively. Animals received the combination doses of C. sinensis and C. paradisi also showed a highly significant fall in cholesterol, LDL, and TGs, however HDL level was significantly elevated by SPJ-2 combination. Results suggest that C. sinensis and C. paradisi possess antihyperlipidemic activity due to phytochemicals and other essential nutrients, hence may serve as cardioprotective by preventing thrombosis.
- Mallick, N., & Khan, R. A. (2016). Antihyperlipidemic effects of Citrus sinensis, Citrus paradisi, and their combinations. Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences, 8(2), 112-8.
Skin Health
Grapefruit oil reduces enzyme activity involved in dissolving elastin which may help prevent aging of the skin.
- Mori M, Ikeda N, Kato Y, et al. (2002) Inhibition of elastase activity by essential oils in vitro. J Cosmetic Dermatol. 1(4):183-187.
Skin Penetration Enhancer
d-Limonene, the principle component, can enhance skin penetration.
- Takayama, K., Nagai, T. (1994) Limonene and related compounds as potential skin penetration promoters. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 20, 4, 677-684.
Weight Management
In vitro research suggests that grapefruit oil may be useful for weight management because it reduces the formation of specialized fat storage cells (adipocytes).
- Haze S, Sakai K, Gozu Y, et al. (2010) Grapefruit oil attenuates adipogenesis in cultured subcutaneous adipocytes. Planta Med. Jul:76(10):950-55.
Research suggests that inhalation of grapefruit oil decreases appetite and showed increased indicators that fats have been made available from stores for use as energy.
- Shen J, Niijima A, Tanida M, et al (2007) Mechanism of changes induced in plasma glycerol by scent stimulation with grapefruit and lavender essential oils. Neurosci Lett. 2007 Apr;416(3):241-46.
- Shen J, Niijima A, Tanida M, et al. (2005) Olfactory stimulation with scent of grapefruit oil affects autonomic nerves, lipolysis and appetite in rats. Neurosci Lett. Jun;380(3):289-94.
Wellbeing
Grapefruit is very useful in blends that promote vitality. It has pain relieving, uplifting, and tonic qualities.
- Lima, N.G., de Souza, D.P., Pimenta, F.C., Alves, M.F., de Souza, F.S., (2012c) Anxiolytic-like activity and GC-MS analysis of (R)-(+)-limonene fragrance, a natural compound found in foods and plants. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior 103, 450-454.
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